International Society of Military Sciences

Annual Conference 2021 

“Progress in Military Sciences for Resilience and Cohesion

in the Face of New Forms of Disruption”

A Global Virtual Conference

11-14 October 2021

Royal Military College of Canada 

Kingston, Ontario

 

President: Dr Harry Kowal, Royal Military College of Canada

Past president: Dr. Hannu Kari, Finnish National Defence University

President-elect:  Commodore Paulo Marreiros,Portuguese Military University Institute

Conference Chair: Dr. Pierre Jolicoeur, Royal Military College of Canada 

ISMS Secretary: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada, info(a)isofms.org

Conference Committee: Pierre Jolicoeur (Chair), Bernard Dionne, Arthur Gullachsen, David Last, Desmond Lomas, Donald McFarling, Matt McTaggart, Jenn Scott, João Gil. 

Volunteers: Joshua Badura, Matt Boniface, Jill Carleton, Karim El-Baz, Lambert Girardin, Desre Kramer, Kate Lee, Lucie Moussu, Dasola Oluge, Pierre Ouellet, Anthony Seaboyer, Christian Thomassin, Justyna Woznica

Plenary sessions will be on a webinar-style platform allowing limited interaction with the audience, e.g., audience can ask questions, but cannot go on camera. Parallel sessions are in Zoom with full interaction under the control of the Chair or Facilitator. We envisage the facilitator having a technical role, but this can be negotiated with the Chair. Panel sessions involve scheduled speakers and may have a discussant to comment on abstracts. Discussants should be prepared to lead off discussion on common themes and stimulate questions.   Roundtable sessions are moderated by the Chair and have a rapporteur to take notes and report key ideas in succinct format. Sessions are 90 minutes, with 3 to 6 abstracts. Chairs determine the balance of time for presenting and discussing.

Opening Social (Atlantic) 1200-1330 Monday 11 October

Welcome

         City of Kingston

         Commander Canadian Defence Academy

         Royal Military College of Canada

         Royal Military College Foundation

Platform Orientation

         How to use PheedLoop – Desmond Lomas

         Practice moving between sessions 

         Practice networking

Conference Orientation      

         Conference Chair, Associate Vice Principal, Pierre Jolicoeur

         Program Chair and ISMS Secretary, David Last,

Networking and Social Exchange

Opening Social (Pacific) 1900-2030 Monday 11 October

         Platform will open at 1830 to check settings

Welcome

         City of Kingston

         Commander Canadian Defence Academy

         Royal Military College of Canada

         Royal Military College Foundation

Platform Orientation

         How to use PheedLoop – Desmond Lomas

         Practice moving between sessions 

         Practice networking

Conference Orientation      

         Conference Chair, Associate Vice Principal, Pierre Jolicoeur

         Program Chair and ISMS Secretary, David Last,

Networking and Social Exchange

Opening Plenary – 0800-0930 Tuesday 12 October

Welcome 

         Commander, Canadian Defence Academy

     Major General Craig Aitchison, CD

Commandant, Royal Military College of Canada

     Commodore Josée Kurtz, OMM, MSC, CD

Principal, Royal Military College of Canada

      Dr. H.J. (Harry) Kowal CD, rmc, BEng, MSAe, MA(SS), MDS, PhD, PEng, BGen (Ret'd)

Conference Chair and Associate Vice Principal Research

         Professor Pierre Jolicoeur, PhD

         Facilitator: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Thomas Homer-Dixon, Climate Security. 

Video: Opening Plenary (59:57) Homer-Dixon begins at 20:18

The shock of accelerating climate change has impressed itself on decision-makers by shrinking Arctic and Antarctic ice sheets, rising seasonal fires, extreme weather events, population displacement, flooding and rising sea levels. Climate change is also linked to survival migration and environmental sources of conflict. Professor Thomas Homer-Dixon, author of The Ingenuity Gap, The Upside of Down, and Commanding Hope, amongst others, is one of the most insightful writers today on climate, conflict, and complexity. This keynote will shape our thinking about the new forms of disruption faced by security professionals, states, and non-state actors. 

Session 1A, 1000-1130 Tuesday 12 October

 

Session 1A, Room 1 Roundtable on Resilience in the Face of Climate Change

Panel Chair: Tom Deligiannis, Wilfred Laurier University

Rapporteur: Chad Briggs, University of Alaska, Anchorage

Video: Roundtable on Resilience in the Face of Climate Change

         Blair Brimmel, Global Affairs Canada

     Albert Chan, Defence Research and Development Canada

         John Osler, Defence Research and Development Canada

         Bruno Charbonneau, Royal Military College, Saint-Jean

This roundtable discussion explores the implications of dangerous climate change for defence universities and the development of military sciences. How can defence institutions effectively train students to deal with complex and unpredictable climate security challenges?  How can cooperation among government assets charged with dealing with climate-security impacts be leveraged to assist in these efforts? 

Please note the follow-on research centre discussions in Session 1B, Room 6, led by Bruno Charbonneau

 

Session 1A, Room 2 – WG7: Cohesion and National Narratives: defence, ethos, civil society, and disruptive trauma

Chair: Rene Moelker, Netherlands Defence Academy

Discussant: Barbara Falk, Canadian Forces College

Video: Cohesion and National Narratives - Defence ethos, civil society and disruptive trauma (1:26:16)

Ieva Berzina, National Academy of Defence of the Republic of Latvia, Shaping public opinion within comprehensive national defence: the case of Latvia. 

Gadi Hitman and Eyal Lewin, Ariel University, The Functioning of Three Components of National Ethos:  Observations from the Palestinian Uprising 2000 to 2005

Barbara Falk, Canadian Forces College, Weaponizing Civil Society: From “Grey Zone” to “Grey Zone”

Gerhard Kuemmel, Bundeswehr Center of Military History and Social Sciences, Sandro's Second War: A Soldier's Trauma and its Aftermath

Vida Cesnuityte, Military Academy of Lithuania, Potential of the Civil Resistance In Lithuania: Perception Of The External Threats And Readiness To Defend The Country

 

Session 1A, Room 3 WG2: Canadian Military Adaptation and Innovation in War and Peace

Panel Chair:  Howard Coombs, Royal Military College of Canada

Moderator: Doug Delaney, Royal Military College of Canada

Discussant: Aimee Fox, King’s College, London

Video: Canadian Military Adaptation and Innovation in War and Peace (1:29:11)

Andrew Brown, Royal Military College of Canada, The Development of the Canadian Army’s Non-Commissioned Officers (NCOs) During the Second World War

Howard Coombs, Royal Military College of Canada, Cold War Canadian Army Staff Education: A Study in Change

John Keess, Royal Military College of Canada, Learning to Speak in Armageddon: The Development of a Canadian Strategic Grammar, 1945-1972

Nicholas Wheeler, Royal Military College of Canada, A Tale of Two Brigadiers: Robert Moncel and James Jefferson in Operation Suitcase

Aimee Fox, King’s College London, Discussion: Military Adaptation and Innovation in War and Peace

 

Session 1A, Room 4 WG4: Adaptation and Resilience in comparative perspective

Panel Chair: John Scott Cowan, Royal Military College of Canada

Discussant: John Scott Cowan, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Adaptation and Resilience in Comparative Perspective (1:26:29)

Ari Kallio, Finnish National Defence University, “OVER MY DEAD BODY” Mental resilience in a group under a threat during the war, crises lower than war, and peacetime conditions

António Carlos dos Santos Ferreira, Portuguese Military University Institute, Adaptative Leadership and the Resilience of a Military Force in Extreme Contexts: Case Study of Portuguese Military Force deployed in Central African Republic

Meike Wanner Bundeswehr Centre of Military History and Social Sciences, The concept of Innere Fuehrung (leadership development and civic education) of the German Armed Forces

Christopher Ankersen, The Army is No Place for a Warrior: Representations and Resilience in Professional Militaries

 

Session 1A, Room 5 WG3: Adapting Military Technology for Resilience

Chair: Hannu Kari, Finnish National Defence University

Discussant: Art Johanson, Baltic Defence College

Video: Adapting Military Technology for Resilience (1:32:03)

Jose A. Passos Morgado and Joao Vieira Caetano, Portuguese Military University Institute, Facing the Carbon Neutrality and Climate changes in the Military Aeronautical Sector through Green Fuels and Experimental Testing in Portugal, 

Juha Kai Mattila and Simon M. Parkinson, Aalto University Finland, Evaluating Defence Capabilities – A case study with an impact of troop weapon caliber choice

Jose Paulo Silva Patch Bartolemeu, Portuguese Military University Institute, A Framework for Assessing the Impact of Potentially Disruptive Military Technology

David Patch, Iris Koch, Jacob Zachariah, Kela Weber, Environmental Sciences Group, Royal Military College of Canada, Comparison and Characterization of Eight in situ Chemical Methods to Synthesize Silver and Copper Treated Cotton Textiles

Lauri Vasankari, Kai Virtanen and Antti Rissanen, Finnish National Defence University and Aalto University, Finland, Merging Unmanned Surface Vessels to Conventional Littoral Fleet Architectures.

 

Session 1A, Room 7 WG10 Strategies Faced with Disruptive Change

Chair: Dirk Heinzmann, Austrian National Defence University

Discussants: Lambert Girardin, Royal Military College

Videos: Strategies Faced with Disruptive Change

Henrik O. Breitenbauch & Philippe Beaulieu-Brossard, University of Copenhagen and Canadian Forces College, The Paradoxical Nature of Strategy-Making for “Subcontracting” Allies & Partners

Augusto Figueiredo, Portuguese Military University Institute, Exploring Synergistic Potential of the Portuguese Space Strategy

Patrick Bratton, US Army War College, Imagining Maritime Security in the New Asia: KM Panikkar’s Maritime Thinking

Neil Dee, Azure Forum for Contemporary Security Strategy, "“Broken Arrow”: Airpower, Operational Art and the Pleiku Campaign; October- November 1965

 

 

Session 1A, Room 8 WG1 War Studies and the New Nature of War

Chair: Marzena Zakowska, Polish War Studies University 

Discussant: Marco Marsili, Portuguese Military University Institute

Video: War Studies and the New Nature of War (1:52:59)

Marzena Zakowska, Polish War Studies University, The Nature of Modern War

Andre Simonyi, Royal Military College Saint-Jean, The War Nexus: A Complexity Perspective

Tadeusz Zielinski, Polish War Studies University, Trends affecting the future of warfare

Waldemar Kitler and Malwina Ewa Kołodziejczak, War Studies University, Poland, Legal and organizational aspects of the functioning of the state in conditions of external threat and in time of war

Marzena Żakowska, Radosław Kaczmarek, How to resolve modern war? (Video) 

 

Session 1A, Room 9 WG9 International Professional Military Education 

Panel Chair: Paulo Marreiros, Portuguese Military University Institute

Discussant: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: International Professional Military Education (1:21:17)

Stéphanie Chouinard and Holly Ann Garnett, Royal Military College of Canada, The role of military education on officer-cadets’ political attitudes: Evidence from Canada

Philippe Beaulieu-Brossard, Donna Dupont, and Therese Heltberg, Canadian Forces College and Royal Danish Defence College, Anticipating the Professional Military Design Learning Experience: Mind Rifts, Mind Falls and Mind Climbs

David Manning, International Military Education International Military Education & Training Brings Cross Border Defense Unity & Diversity & Training Brings Cross Border Defense Unity & Diversity

António Ramos Carvalho, Portuguese Military University Institute, Joint Education in the Context of Military Intelligence

Carsten Roennfeldt, Norwegian Defence University College, Introducing Cadets to International Relations

David Last, Royal Military College of Canada, Multinational Simulations for Common Security 

Session 1B 1130-1300 Tuesday 12 October

Session 1B, Room 1 WG9 and WG10 Teaching Geostrategic Analysis for Most Countries

Chair: Dirk Heinzmann, Austrian National Defence University

Discussant: Paul Mitchell, Canadian Forces College (tbc)

Video: Teaching Geostrategic Analysis for Most Countries (1:30:02)

Pierre Lepine, Royal Military College of Canada

James McKay, Royal Military College of Canada

Kerim Ousman, Royal Military College of Canada

Eystein Meyer, Stavanger University, It’s Taiji: The False Dichotomy Between Operations Planning and Design

 

Session 1B, Room 2 WG7 Social Resilience, Schisms, and Cohesion

Chair: Rene Moelker, Netherlands Defence Academy

Discussant: Ali Dizboni, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Social Resilience, Schisms, and Cohesion (1:20:54)

Thomas Turmel, Royal Military College of Canada, Social Media Bias in the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A Case-Study of Al Jazeera and the Times of Israel

Gintaras Labutis, Military Academy of Lithuania, Societal Resilience as a critical capability for enhancing security and defence capabilities

Rita Parreira, Portuguese Military University Institute, The Influence of Ideological Extremism in the Armed Forces

Alexandra Green and Ali Dizboni, Royal Military College of Canada, The Enemy Within: A review of the prevalence of right-wing extremists within armed forces in the UK, Germany, and Canada

 

Session 1B, Room 4 WG4 Personal Resilience in the Face of New Challenges

Chair: Cindy Suurd Ralph, Military Personnel Research and Analysis Canada

Discussant: Valery Wood, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Personal Resilience in the Face of New Challenges (1:43:29)

Kathy Michaud and Cindy Suurd Ralph, Military Personnel Research and Analysis Canada, Morale and relatedness: Key drivers in reducing psychological distress during COVID-19 deployment

Heather Pay, Royal Military College of Canada, Exploring Mental Health Treatment Seeking Behaviors Among Canadian Armed Forces Personnel

Lobna Cherif & Valery Wood, Royal Military College of Canada, Character ad Resilience

JF Marcoux, Maxime Rondeau, Robert Osside Institute, Emotional Intelligence for Leaders 

 

Session 1B, Room 5 WG3 Military Technology Staff Education Roundtable: Comparing Approaches

Chair:  Walter Taylor, Royal Military College of Canada

Rapporteur: CPO1 Matthew Boniface

Video: Military Technology Staff Education Roundtable: Comparing Approaches (1:26:06)

Countries without a large defence industrial sector and with limited defence budgets face challenges in selecting, developing, and acquiring military technology. What are the different approaches to educating and preparing the technical staff who will be responsible for selecting, developing, and acquiring military technology? Some combination of military science and military management is usually involved. This roundtable discussion aims to compare national and service approaches to technical staff education for legacy technology, and emerging fields like cyber security, robotics, and artificial intelligence.

 

Session 1B, Room 6 Research Centre Business Meeting 

Co-Chair: Bruno Charbonneau, Collège Militaire Royal de Saint-Jean

Co-Chair: (tbc) Portuguese Military University Institute

Rapporteur: Desre Kramer, Ryerson University

Video: Research Centre Business Meeting

Meetings of research centres associated with ISMS began in Vienna in 2019. This year, directors of research centres have indicated an interest in discussing multi-year projects, support for teaching programs in defence universities, and projects of special interest including the establishment of a centre of excellence for climate security. Canadian security and defence centres and networks have been invited to participate.

 

Session 1B, Room 8 WG1 Frameworks for Response to Hybrid War

Chair: Marzena Zakowska

Discussant: Harri Ruoslahti, Finnish National Defence University

Video: Frameworks for Response to Hybrid War (1:32:10)

Frederic Labarre, Royal Military College of Canada, Neo-Feudalism as conflict framework: Russia vs Ukraine

Jowita Brudnicka, Polish War Studies University, The model of premodern states as a concept for the modern war study theoretical framework

Ilkka Tikanmaki and Harri Ruoslahti, Finnish National Defence University, Exploring crisis management response to hybrid threats and hybrid war 

Adrian Bartoseiwicz, Polish War Studies University, Activities of Territorial Defence Forces in countering hybrid threats. Case study: Poland

Yurih Savelyer, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Imagined Conflict, Real War, Dire Consequences: Novel Hybrid Forms of Russian Aggression against Ukraine since 2014   
 

Plenary Panel 1300-1430 Tuesday 12 October

Open science vs research security: Exploring the Tension

Introduction – Pierre Jolicoeur, Royal Military College of Canada

Cecile Jugroot-Malardier, Royal Military College of Canada 

Francine Desharnais, Senior Science Advisor, Defence Research and Development, Canada

Rapporteur: CWO Steve Tremblay, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Open Science vs Research Security - Exploring the Tension (1:29:19)

In 2020, the annual conference of the ISMS explored the theme military sciences versus open sciences, and this continues to resonate with the pursuit of knowledge for security in an uncertain world. Most ISMS member countries have both defence research agencies and defence universities. These different kinds of organizations conduct both classified and unclassified research. Some of the research is commissioned and some is driven by the interests of researchers. The tension between open research and the security of research is exacerbated by artificial intelligence, cyber-attacks, unclear intentions and motivations, and constraints of efficiency – there are never enough resources to do everything. This plenary panel brings together researchers and administrators to raise questions about the tensions between open science and research security. 

Session 1C 1500-1630 Tuesday 12 October

Session 1C, Room 1 Roundtable on Military Science Response to Disruption

Panel Chair:  David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Rapporteur: Dasola Oluge, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Roundtable on Military Science response to Disruption (1:01:33)

Military Science Roundtable. Following the plenary panel “Open science vs research security: exploring the tension between the two” this roundtable discussion seeks to explore conclusions and deductions about the relationships between defence research agencies and defence universities. 

 

Session 1C, Room 2 WG1, 6, and 7: Resilience in the Face of Information Warfare

Chair: Laurenz Furst, Austrian National Defence University

Discussant: Pierre Jolicoeur, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Resilience in the Face of Information Warfare (1:36:22)

Anthony Seaboyer and Pierre Jolicoeur, Royal Military College of Canada, China and Russia’s Information Space Attacks on Democracy

Merit Rickberg, Mari-Liis Madisson, Sten Hansson, Andreas Vensel, University of Tartu, Building Resilience against Hostile Information Influence Activities: Lessons from developing a new media literacy learning platform for the Estonian defence forces

Meghan Fitzpatrick, PhD, Dominique Laferrière, PhD, and Janani Vallikanthan, Defence Research and Development Canada, An Ounce of Prevention, a Pound of Cure: Building Resilience to Disinformation

Teija Sederholm, Aki-Mauri Huhtinen, Miina Kaarkovski, Pekka Koistinen and Milla Alaraatikka, Finnish National Defence University, Counterforces and Detection of Disinformation as a part of Information Resilience 

 

Session 1C, Room 3 WG9 and WG7 Cultural Learning in Higher Military Education

Chair: Nuno Loureiro, Portuguese Military University Institute

Discussant: Holly Ann Garnett, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Cultural Learning in Higher Military Education (1:31:27) 

Danic Parenteau, Royal Military College Saint-Jean, Between a distinct military culture and the need for openness: learning civil-military relations for officer cadets at military academies

Sarah Meharg, Canadian Forces College, The Hard Road to Openness: Military Educators as Co-Constitutors of the PME Learning Journey

Vicki Woodside-Duggins, Canadian Forces College, Culture Change: The Contribution of Professional Military Education

 

 

Session 1C, Room 4 WG4, WG8 Leadership and Management in the Face of Disruption

Chair:  Arthur Gullachsen, Royal Military College of Canada

Discussant: Pierre Ouellet, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Leadership and Management in the Face of Disruption(54:23)

Vidmante Giedraityte, General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, The importance of leadership in creating an innovation-friendly environment in the military: theoretical and empirical insights

Sandra Raquel Rodrigues Correia Rodrigues, and Cristina Paula de Almeida Fachada, Portuguese Military University Institute, Just Culture In The Portuguese Air Force

Antonio Palma Rosinha, Portuguese Army, and Hermes de Andrade Junior, Brazilian Army, Reacting to Multiple Disruptions: Reliable and Sustainable Military Leadership in the Face of the Anthropocene

Rui Lucena, Mafalda Carvalho, Cristiano Almeida, Wilson Antunes, Nuno Almeida, Bernardino Veríssimo, Paula Simões, CINAMIL - Military Academy Research Center, Monitoring risk in CBR Teams: Real-time analysis model. 

Paulo Costa, Portuguese Air Force, Managing Fatigue Risk     of Air Force Weapons Systems Maintenance Personnel

 

Session 1C, Room 5 WG5 Law and Ethics of Changing Forms of War

Chair:  Daniel Sommers, Canadian Armed Forces

Discussant: Afton David, Canadian Armed Forces

Video: Law and Ethics of Changing Forms of War

William R. Soucie, United States Marine Corps, Peekaboo with Mars or: How I learned to Love Jus ad Vim and address the Ethical Implications to the Changing Character of War

Mireille Isaro, University of Turku, Finland,  Arto Mutanen, Naval Academy of Finland, and Antti Rissanen, Finnish National Defence Univesity, Discussion of Ethical frames for AI in military context

Malwina Ewa Kolodjejczak, Polish War Studies University, Is it war already? External threat on state and armed attack in terms of international public law.

Deanna Messervey, Director General Military Personnel Research and Analysis Canada, Military ethics, military justice, and age differences in decision-making

 

Session 1C, Room 7 WG8 Defence Economics and Management in Uncertain Times

Panel Chair: Ugurhan Berkok, Royal Military College of Canada

Discussant: Markus Gauster, Austrian National Defence Academy

Video: Defence Economics and Management in Uncertain Times (2:18:03)

Elsa Evangelista and Cristina Fachada, Portuguese Military University Institute, Warehouse Redistribution Service and Excess Stock Management in the Portuguese Air Force

Luís Manuel Madeira Godinho, Portuguese Military University Institute, Management Control Systems use in Military Organizations - an exploratory analysis

Gitana Dudzeviciute, General Jonas Zemaitis military academy of Lithuania, Does military spending depend on economic determinants? Evidence from the Baltic States

Bruno Serrano and Cristina Fachada, Portuguese Military University Institute, Financing the Portuguese Air Force Capabilities

Binyam Solomon, Defence Research and Development Canada, Burden Sharing in Norad

Ilze Vilka, National Defence Academy of Latvia, The concept of economic security revisited in context of covid-19

Ioanna Bardakas, Dimitris Doulos and George A. Zombanakis, American College of Greece, Defence Expenditure in Greece and its Impact on the Country’s Sovereign Debt: Guilty until Proven Innocent

 

This session will extend beyond 1630 to allow additional time for presenters.

 

Session 1C, Room 8 WG1 Pirates, Private Companies, and return to private life

Chair: Marzena Zakowska

Discussant: Erik Habowski, War Studies University, Poland

Video: Pirates, Private Companies, and Return to Private Life

Colin Howe, University of Buckingham, Influence of Private Military Companies in Modern/Future War

Vassilis (Bill) Kappis and Julian Richards, University of Buckingham, Not so Private Anymore: Hybrid Warfare and Private Military Companies  

Cecilia Polozzi and Nicholas A. Dudek, CRT Working Group, 4th Generation Warfare: An Analysis of Child Recruitment and Use as A Salafi-Jihadi Doctrine of War

Whitney Grespin, King’s College London, DDR absorptive capacity in fragile militaries: the challenges of demobilizing or integrating irregular fighters

Guilherme Pereira Conceição Rosinha, Portuguese Military University Institute, The non-state actors in fighting the phenomenon of piracy and armed robbery at sea, in the Gulf of Guinea region

Eleonora Bernardi, University of Bologna, Italy, and Francisco Leandro, City University of Macau, China, Contracting and Working with Interpreters in Armed Conflicts: Two Sides of the Same Coin? 

Session 1D (Asia-Pacific) 1800-1930 Tuesday 12 October

Session 1D, Room 2 WG7: Asian Military and Society facing New Disruptions

Chair: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Discussant: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Asian Military and Society Facing New Disruptions

Saya Kiba, Komatsu Univeristy Japan, Incentives of the Female Reservists in the Japan Self-Defense Forces

Atsushi Yasutomi, Eikei University of Hiroshima, blowing in JSDF – A Study of Non-Academic Books Published by Retired JSDF Officers

Rosalie Arcala Hall, University of the Philippines Visayas, Navigating Troubled Waters: Civil-Military Relations and US-Philippine Military Exercises under the Duterte Administration

Bharati Sharma, Government Science College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India, Military Science in understanding and alleviating the internal security challenge of Naxalism in rural India

 

Session 1D, Room 5 WG5 Military Law and Ethics

Chair: Afton David, Canadian Armed Forces

Discussant: Daniel Sommers, Canadian Armed Forces

Video: Military Law and Ethics

Tyler Wentzel, University of Toronto, Voluntariness in Military Call-Outs: The Reliability and Legal Liability of Citizen Soldiers in Times of Emergency

Rory Fowler, Queen’s University Kingston, ‘Military Justice’ and the Ethics of Statutory Decision-Making in the Canadian Forces

Mulry Mondelice, Royal Military College Saint-Jean, Canada between the influence of international human rights law and the civilisation of military justice

Arthur Gullachsen, Royal Military College of Canada, Retaining the Moral High Ground: The Canadian Army and the Waffen-SS Prisoners of War, Normandy, July 1944

 

Session 2E 0800-0930 Wednesday 13 October

Session 2E, Room 1 WG9 Roundtable on Pre-Commission Education

Chair: Christian Leuprecht, Royal Military College of Canada

Rapporteur: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Roundtable on Pre-Commission Education (1:30:12)

Howard Coombs, Royal Military College of Canada, The Royal Military College of Canada: Meeting the Educational Needs of 21st Century Defence and Security

Drawing on papers from countries assembled for a comparative study of pre-commission education, this roundtable offers an opportunity to discuss conclusions about why even small countries have military academies for officers and how pre-commission education is adapting to meet new demands by governments and societies.

 

Session 2E, Room 2 WG7 National Cohesion for Security: Narratives, Education, and Integration

Chair: Rene Moelker, Netherlands Defence Academy

Discussant: Eyal Lewin, Ariel University (tbc)

Video: National Cohesion for Security: Narratives, Education, Integration

B.Ulziihuyag, T.Soronzonbold, J,Mendee, Kh.Orkhonchimeg, Mongolian National Defence University and Defence Research Institute, The Issue Development of a New Defense Education System In Mongolia

Steve Mock, University of Waterloo, National Narratives and Resilience: The ideological Conflict Project

Jarkko Kosonen and Mira Stenhammar, Army Command, Finland, Social Integrations and Exclusions in Conscription and Conscript Service

Oleh Ivanov, National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv, Ukraine, Hybrid Warfare and Linguistic Context

Paulo Machado, Sofia Menezes, Joao Reis, Ana Romao, Portuguese Military University Institute, Military Gender Studies in the Portuguese Military Academy

 

Session 2E, Room 3 WG9 Virtual Reality, Design, Simulation, and e-Learning

Chair: Nuno Loureiro, Portuguese Military University Institute

Discussant: Jennifer Scott, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Virtual Reality, Design, Simulation, and e-Learning

Ali Eginli, Ersin Civan, and Huseyin Askin, Air NCO Higher Vocational School, Turkish National Defence University, A New Approach in Technical Aviation Education: Interactive Virtual Reality Environments

Darko Scavnicar, Military Schools Center of the Slovenian Armed Forces, Impact of the COVID ‑ 19 epidemic on the implementation of E-learning in the Slovenian Armed Forces

Kirsi Helkala, and Ravidra Babu Ummaneni, Norwegian Defence University College, Integration of Electronic Warfare in Engineering Education

Matt McTaggart and Jennifer Scott, Royal Military College of Canada, To put matter into context: A systems thinking approach to teaching undergraduate science at a military college

 

Session 2E, Room 4 WG2, WG6 Security and Defence Policy with new Disruptions

Chair: Laurenz Furst, Austrian National Defence Academy

Discussant: Thoms Rostoks, National Defence University of Latvia (tbc)

Video: Security and Defence Policy with New Disruptions (1:07:54)

Ausra Kaminskaite, Military Academy of Lithuania, Sociological Perspectives on Lithuanian Security and Defence Policy

Gintaras Labutis, Military Academy of Lithuania, Energy Resilience as new perspective in security and defence

Rasmus Dahlberg, Royal Danish Defence College, The Pandemic in Past and Present: use of historical knowledge to respond

Hermes de Andrade Junior, Brazilian Army, and Antonio Palma Rosinha, Portuguese Army, Towards an Integrative model of resilience for peacebuilding in anthropocene context 

 

Session 2E, Room 5 WG6, WG8 Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Nuclear Policies

Chair: Markus Gauster, Austrian National Defence Academy

Discussant: Jim Finan, Royal Military College of Canada (tbc)

Video: Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Nuclear Policies (1:20:21)

Teresa Quadros, Royal Military College of Canada, Canada’s Feminist Foreign Policy & the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons

Thoms Rostoks, National Defence University of Latvia, Non-military deterrence: lessons from deterring Russia in the Baltic states

Jans Hanska, Finnish Defence Forces and OECD, Deterrence or Restraint? The practice of deterrence theory from the perspective of a small state (tbc)

Ugurhan Berkok and Iona Secrieru, Royal Military College of Canada, Extended Deterrence with Incomplete Information

Abderrahmane Sokri, Defence Research and Development Canada, Deterrence stability: an economic approach

 

Session 2E, Room 6, Military Librarians’ Roundtable and Business Meeting

         Co-Chair: Sarah Toomey, Royal Military College of Canada

         Co-Chair: Catrin Mardell, Swedish Defence University

Rapporteur: Suzanne Burt, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Military Llibrarians' Roundtable and Business Meeting (1:08:46)

Meetings of military librarians have been a feature of ISMS since 2019, when the Nordic group of defence university librarians held their regular meeting in conjunction with the Vienna conference. Librarians have indicated an interest in discussing the impact of COVID, off-campus access, resource and student success centres, curation of grey literature, foreign access to military collections, and preservation of antiquarian collections. An agenda will be published closer to the meeting and will be posted on the conference platform. 

 

Session 2E, Room 7 WG3 Artificial Intelligence, Cyber Warfare, and Targeting

Panel Chair:  Dasola Oluge, Royal Military College of Canada

Discussant: Victor Lobo, Portuguese Naval Academy 

Video: Artificial Intelligence, Cyber Warfare and Targeting (1:27:25)

Aaron Brideau, Royal Military College of Canada, Image Fidelity and AI: Enabling Joint Fires Automation

Humberto Gouveia, José Borges, Portuguese Military University Institute, Current Trends and the future of Field Artillery Weapon Systems

Auli Viidalepp, University of Tartu, Estonia, What happens in a language transformer? A semiotic perspective on the reception of GPT-3 op-ed in The Guardian

Suzana Lampreia, Victor Lobo, and Valter Vairinhos, Portuguese Naval Academy, Maritime Cybersecurity Risk Assessment: The Ship Maintenance Databases' Case Study

Tamar Prouse de Andrade, Portuguese Military University institute, Hermes de Andrade Júnior, Brazilian Army, Artificial intelligence amid disruptions caused by the SARS Cov 2 pandemic: The case of the Brazilian Army virtual soldier "Max"

Tolentino Martins, Miguel Pardal, José Borges, Military Academy Research Centre and INESC-ID, Vulnerabilities and risk management model for decision support in the cyber domain

 

Session 2E, Room 8 WG1, WG6 Situational Awareness, Proxy Wars, and Weapons of Mass Destruction

Chair: Marco Marsili, Portuguese Military University Institute (tbc)

Discussant: Jowita Brudnicka, Polish War Studies University

Video: Situational Awareness, Proxy Wars, and WMD (1:56:56)

Jose Martins and Jose Borges, Portuguese Military University Institute, Framework for Implementing Joint Operations Situational Awareness

Piotr Sosnowski, University of Warsaw, How to avoid of being a proxy agent? Lesson from history learned in the Iraqi Kurdistan

Tarik Solmaz, University of Exeter, UK, Non-State-Led Proxy Warfare: The Missing Link in Proxy Wars Debate

Jaana Kuula, University of Jyvaskyla Finland, The role of WMDs in modern warfare and emergencies

Session 2F 1000-1130 Wednesday 13 October

Session 2F, Room 1 WG5 Roundtable on Military Justice Reform

         Chair: Daniel Sommers, Canadian Armed Forces

         Rapporteur: Afton David, Canadian Armed Forces

Video: Roundtable on Military Justice Reform (1:36:35) 

HHJ Alan Large, Judge Advocate General, UK

Rory Fowler, Queen’s University

Tim Dunne, Royal United Services Institute, Nova Scotia

Fredrik Holst, Swedish Defence University

         Tyler Wentzel, University of Toronto

         Joel Watson, University of New Brunswick, Treble Victor Ottawa

         Bern Hudson, Military Police Advisor

 

Session 2F, Room 2 WG6 and WG7, Culture, Crises, and Coercion

         Chair: Anthony Seaboyer, Royal Military College of Canada

         Discussant: (tbc)

Video: Culture, Crises and Coercion (1:30:38) 

Luís Miguel Carvalho, Júlio Gouveia-Carvalho, Wilson Antunes, CINAMIL - Military Academy Research Center, Engagement of Portuguese Army in development of disaster-resilient societies: the case of projectSTRATEGY

Agniete Zotkeviciute Baneviciene, The General Jonas Zemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania, Cultural Element in the Structure of NATO Military Power

Janis Berzins, National Defence Academy of Latvia, The New Russian Security Concept and the ZAPAD-2021 Exercises

Wysocka, Monika, Polish War Studies University, The Possible Influence of Talibans' Government in Afghanistan on Afghan Women

 

Session 2F, Room 3 WG9 Simulations and Military Education

Panel Chair: Carsten Roennfeldt, Norwegian Defence University College

Discussant: Oana Secrieru, Royal Military College of Canada (tbc)

Video: Simulations and Military Education (1:21:09) 

Anne Marie Hagen (Norwegian Defence University College/Norwegian Military Academy) “Learning (better) from stories: Wargames, narratives, and rhetoric in military education”

Per-Idar Evensen, Svein Erlend Martinussen, Marius Halsør, and Dan Helge Bentsen (Norwegian Defence Research Establishment) “Simulation-supported wargaming for assessing force structures” 

Bogdan Cwik, Polish Military University of Technology, Using Decision-Making Games to Assess Military Students’ Competencies

Kjetil Enstad (Norwegian Defence University College/Norwegian Military Academy)  “Just a game? – Wargames and exercises as constitutive of professional military knowledge and practice”

Carsten Roennfeldt, Bjørn-Anders Reutz and Daniel Helgesen (Norwegian Defence University College/Norwegian Military Academy) “Matrix game MONUSCO”

 

Session 2F, Room 4 WG6 Institutions for Security: policing, peacekeeping, contractors, disputes, and resilience

Chair: Laurenz Furst, Austrian National Defence Academy

Discussant: David Last, Royal Military College of Canada

Video: Institutions for Security--Policing, Peacekeeping, Contractors...(1:28:48) 

Urszula JAŚKIEWICZ, War Studies University of Poland, EU action in the area of dispute regulation and international conflicts. Case study: Serbian-Albanian conflict

Marina Caparini and David Last, SIPRI and Royal Military College of Canada, Policing Global Political Economy

Vytautas Isoda, The Institutional Framework for International Peace Operations: The Baltic States’ Return to the United Nations.

Whitney Grespin, King’s College London, Principal-Agent Problems: US Government Use of Contractors

 

Session 2F, Room 5 WG10 Strategies of Resilience 

Chair: Dirk Heinzmann, Austrian National Defence Academy

Discussant: Lucas Milevski, Leiden University

Video: Strategies of Resilience (1:31:07)

Peter Papler, Slovenian Navy, Game Theory as tool for strategy evaluation

Gintautas Razma, Military Academy of Lithuania, Strategic Design for Defense Analysis: A Structural-Functionalist Interpretation

Cagdas Dedeoglu, Yorkville University Toronto, A Posthuman Security Strategy for Sustainable Societies.

Lucas Milevski, Leiden University, NL, Conceptual Resilience versus Social Utility in Strategic Thinking

Arnold Warchal, Polish Military University of Technology, Macro and Micro Determinants of New Geostrategies

 

 

Session 2F, Room 6, Military Journal Editors’ Roundtable and Business Meeting

            Co-Chair: Christian Leuprecht, Royal Military College of Canada

            Co-Chair: Dorota Domalewska, War Studies University of Poland

Video: Military Journal Editors' Roundtable (1:29:44)

Meetings of Military Journal Editors have been a regular feature of ISMS since Vienna 2019. This year, editors have indicated an interest in discussing special issues, submission management systems, peer review standards, journal indexing, defence against predatory journals, editorial standards, open-access, and other issues. An agenda will be posted closer to the time of the meeting and will be available on the conference platform. 

 

Session 2F, Room 7 WG6 Analyzing Security and Defence in the Middle East

Chair:  Laurenz Furst, Austrian National Defence University

Discussants:     Tamir Libel, Swedish Defence University

Steve Mock, Balsillie School, University of Waterloo

Video: Analyzing Security and Defence in the Middle East (1:43:21)

Lambert Girardin, Ali Dizboni, and Kerim Ousman, Royal Military College of Canada, Assessment of the Iranian State Power: the PMESII Model and its limits

Houchang Hassan-Yari, Royal Military College of Canada, Abraham Accords or how to rearrange the security posturing in the Persian Gulf

Karim El-Baz and Ali Dizboni, Royal Military College of Canada, The Genesis of the Ballistic Rationale: An Analysis of the Ballistic Missile Proliferation Behavior in the Middle East

 

Session 2F, Room 8 WG1 Logistics, UAVs, Information and levels of Analysis for New Wars

Chair: Marzena Zakowska

Discussant: Mikkel Storm Jensen, Royal Danish Defence College

Video: Logistics, UAVs, Information and Levels of Analysis (1:30:03)

Damian Skrodzi, Polish War Studies University, unmanned aerial vehicles are the future of armed conflicts? Case Study - the conflict in Nagorno-Karabakh and the war in Ukraine

Ville Nokipi, Finnish Defence Forces, Key logistics trends up to 2040 and their impact on Host Nation Support Logistics

Najafov Zafar Nuri, Military Academy of the Armed Forces, Azerbaijan, The Second Karabakh War as a Type of the 5th Generation War.

Eryk Habowski, Polish War Studies University, Balance of power in the age of information wars - targets, strategies, instruments

Samuli Lahtinen, University of Tampere Finland, Levels of Analysis for Military Science and Information Warfare

 

Plenary Panel 1130-1300

Plenary Panel: The Role of Non-Commissioned Members in Strategic Leadership Teams

         Chair: CPO1 Mike Dionne, Canadian Defence Academy

         Rapporteur: Matthew Boniface, Royal Canadian Navy

Led by CPO1 Gilles Gregoire, Canadian Armed Forces Chief Warrant Officer, and moderated by CPO1 Mike Dionne of the Canadian Forces Academy, this is an opportunity to hear the latest thinking about the development and employment of strategic leadership teams, combining Generals and Flag Officers with career-managed senior non-commissioned members.  How do strategic leadership teams work? What does it take to develop them? How are senior non-commissioned members developed, selected, and prepared?  Are there pitfalls and opportunities in the evolution of this leadership concept?

Video: Plenary Panel on the Role of NCMs in Strategic Leadership Teams (2:05:52)

The plenary webinar will be followed by a roundtable discussion (Session 2G, Room 1). 

CPO1 Gilles Gregoire, Canadian Armed Forces Chief Warrant Officer

CWO Martin Colbert, Vice Chief of Defence Staff Command Chief Warrant Officer

Cmdre Craig Skjerpen, Chief of Staff, Canadian Forces Intelligence Command

CWO Necole Belanger, Command Chief Warrant Officer, Canadian Forces Intelligence Command

CWO Alena Mondelli, Base Chief Warrant Officer, Canadian Forces Base Halifax

Cmdre Josee Kurtz, Commandant, Royal Military College of Canada

CWO Lucie Alain, College Chief Warrant Officer, Royal Military College of Canada

SGM Ludek Kolesa, NATO Defence Education Enhancement Project, Czech Republic

Closing Plenary 1300-1400

Associate Vice Principal Research and Conference Chair

       Dr. Pierre Jolicoeur

Commandant, Royal Military College of Canada 

       Commodore Josée Kurtz, OMM, MSC, CD

Outgoing President of ISMS, Principal, Royal Military College of Canada, 

       Dr. H.J. (Harry) Kowal

Incoming President of ISMS, Scientific Director of the Military University Institute, Portugal, Commodore João Paulo Ramalho Marreiros

 

The closing plenary will include awards, presidents’ addresses, announcement of the next conference to be hosted by the Portuguese Military University Institute, and the passing of the virtual pennant from RMC to MUI. 

 

Two sessions follow the closing plenary, and rooms are available for groups or individuals who wish to undertake coordinating activities. This includes a time block for participants in Asia-Pacific time zones.

 

Note that the governance work of the Society continues on Thursday 14 October with a business plenary session and meetings of the working group Chairs and Council.

Session 2G 1430-1600 Wednesday 13 October

Session 2G, Room 1 WG9 Roundtable on Developing Non-Commissioned Members for the Strategic Leadership Team

Chair: CPO1 Mike Dionne, Canadian Defence Academy

Co-Chair: Simon Kardynal, Calian and Canadian Armed Forces 

Discussant: MWO Jean-Louis Proteau, CWO Robert-Osside Profession of Arms Institute

Rapporteur: Matthew Boniface, Royal Canadian Navy

Video: Roundtable on Developing NCMs for Strategic Leadership (1:30:07)

This roundtable is scheduled to follow the 8-person plenary panel led by the Canadian Armed Forces Chief, CPO Gilles Gregoire, and will provide an opportunity to discuss and capture the key lessons for the way forward on NCM higher education. 

 

Session 2G, Room 2 How to Submit a Book Proposal

         Host: Pierre Jolicoeur, Royal Military College of Canada

         Presenter: Emily Andrew, Acquisition Editor, McGill Queen’s University Press

Video: How to Publish in Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH)
(This presentation was rescheduled and delivered on 30 March 2022)

Emily Andrew, acquisition editor of McGill Queen’s University Press, will discuss how to submit a successful book proposal and answer questions from prospective authors and editors. 

 

Session 2G, Room 8 WG9 Understanding and Teaching Hybrid Warfare 

Chair: Marzena Zakowska (tbc)

Discussant: Eryk Habowski, Polish War Studies University

Video: Understanding and Teaching Hybrid Warfare (2:14:06)

Michael Hennessy, Royal Military College of Canada, Building a Hybrid Warfare Reference Curriculum

Marco Marsili, Portuguese Military University Institute, Hybrid Warfare: Above or Below the Threshold of Armed Conflict?

Thomas Michalowski, Polish War Studies University, Immigration crisis on Eastern European border- meticulously planned hybrid warfare operation?

Mikkel Storm Jensen, Royal Danish Defence College, What do small NATO-members want with offensive cyber capabilities?

Justyna Woznica, Polish War Studies University, Public diplomacy as the communication vector in the rough waters of hybrid threats

 

Thursday 14 October Business and Governance Meetings

Opportunities have been provided during the conference for research centres, librarians, and journal editors to meet. These business meetings will culminate in a plenary session on Thursday. 

Governance records are available to people involved in the governance structure, working group chairs and members of Council. 

Report and Business meeting, IAMA-ISOMA and ISMS 

Travis Morris, Norwich University

Ian Parenteau, College militaire royal de Saint-Jean

(expected to be an agenda item on the joint WG-Council meeting)

 

0800-0930 Plenary Business Meeting

Co-Chair: Harry Kowal, Outgoing President ISMS

Co-Chair: Paulo Marreiros, Incoming President ISMS

 

Research Centre Report: Bruno Charbonneau, College militaire royal de Saint-Jean

Libraries Report: Sarah Toomey, Royal Military College of Canada

Editors Report: Dorota Domalewska, War Studies University

Discussion

Break

1000- 1130 Joint Meeting of Working Group Chairs and Council

Co-Chair: Harry Kowal, Outgoing President ISMS

Co-Chair: Paulo Marreiros, Incoming President ISMS

Break

1200-1330 ISMS Council Meeting